CD284 (TLR4) Monoclonal Antibody (HTA125), APC, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

Description: The HTA125 monoclonal antibody reacts with human Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). So far, at least ten members of the Toll family have been identified in humans. This family of type I transmembrane proteins is characterized by an extracellular domain with leucine-rich repeats and a cytoplasmic domain with homology to the type I IL-1 receptor. Two of these receptors, TLR2 and TLR4, are pattern recognition receptors and signaling molecules in response to bacterial lipoproteins and have been implicated in innate immunity and inflammation. TLR4 physically associates with another molecule called MD-2, and together with CD14, this complex is responsible for LPS recognition and signaling. TLR4 is expressed by peripheral blood monocytes. HTA125 has been reported to immunoprecipitate human TLR4 (∽100 kDa) from transfected cells. Most TLR cell surface expression, especially TLR1 and TLR4, occurs at low levels on monocytes and at even lower levels on other cell types including granulocytes and immature dendritic cells (iDC). Furthermore, a relatively high degree of variability in TLR surface expression has been reported among normal donors. Applications Reported: HTA125 has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This HTA125 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. This can be used at 5 μL (1 μg) per test.

A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. It is highly recommended that for optimal staining of TLR4, whole blood be stained using the LWB protocol found in Best Protocols rather than Ficoll-gradient prepared normal human peripheral blood cells. The use of a density gradient appears to reduce the staining intensity significantly. Excitation: 633-647 nm; Emission: 660 nm; Laser: Red Laser. Filtration: 0.2 μm post-manufacturing filtered. TLR4 is a member of the Toll like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. This receptor is most abundantly expressed in placenta, and in myelomonocytic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It has been implicated in signal transduction events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in most gram-negative bacteria.